^aPollution and waste treatment laboratory (PWTL), Kasdi Merbah Ouargla

University .P.O. Box 511, Ouargla 30000, Algeria

^bDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El-Oued, P.O.

Box 789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria

c Applied mechanic and energy systems laboratoty (LMASE), Faculty of Applied Science, University of Ouargla, Ouargla 30000, Algeria

^dLaboratory of Analysis and Control of Energy Systems and Networks, University of Laghouat, Laghouat, Algeria

^eTechnology Faculty, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria.

^fLaboratory of Biology, Environment and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of ElOued, Algeria

^gLaboratory for the Valorization and Promotion of Saharan Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Technology and Material Sciences Kasdi Merbah Ouargla University,

Algeria

When compared to solar cells made from other materials, perovskites provided better performance in organic or inorganic hybrid solar cells. But one of the biggest problems facing scientists working in the photovoltaic industry right now is improving the stability of Perovskite solar cells. Despite their enormous potential, which exceeds that of traditional photovoltaic solar cells, these cells' low stability inhibits their commercialisation. In the current study, we looked at how the temperature of the substrate affected the physical characteristics of Perovskite thin films produced by spray pyrolysis using a moving nozzle. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy pictures, ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy, and other methods were used to characterize the produced films. The results demonstrate that 90°C is the ideal deposition temperature.