a Department of Physics, Government College Women University Faisalabad,

Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan

b Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad,

Pakistan

c Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad,

Pakistan

d Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and

Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan

In the current study, cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and investigated because of their outstanding optical, electrical, structural, and morphological properties. CeO2 NPs were formed by a simple, low-cost, and eco-friendly co-precipitation method. The effect of calcination temperature on nanoceria was examined through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet and Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and the current voltage (I-V) studies. The XRD revealed the FCC structure and crystallite size in the 60-90 nm range when the calcination temperature was increased. SEM showed spherical particles with significant agglomeration. FTIR showed the occurrence of the Ce-O bond. UV-Vis showed the value of 236 nm maximum absorption wavelength with a 3.27 eV band gap. PL showed a 651 nm emission band with a 1.90 eV energy band gap. Raman examined the cubic structure of nanoceria. The current voltage (I-V) studies examined the dependence of resistivity on calcination temperature.